Here is the link to my presentation https://prezi.com/view/f49yxBq1KXbyNKamfWp1/ and here is my final research paper (there was some formating trouble with the variable table and so I included a picture of it.

Corinne Hrnicek Dr. Chapman Phoenix College Stem Train Scholarship 10 December 2024 The final draft of the research paper Abstract For this project, I started by heating three beakers with 200 ml water each to 80 degrees Celcius (according to the block heater and 59 degrees Celsius according to the thermometer. Steeped 0.6 g Leaf, 0.3 g Flower, and 1.3 g Stem for 5 min in three separate beakers I put them in an ice bath, then the real fun started. I used a pipet to squeeze two drops of each tea onto separate Petri dishes. I sterilized the tweezers, then used them to get three tiny paper disks out of a small container which was more complicated than I thought. I soaked those separately in the three different Petri dishes and then put those disks in the Ecoli Petri dishes, which I then put in the incubator. I also put a positive control and a negative control in the incubator. I put one petri dish with water instead of the tea to compare it to and another petri dish with a substance known to kill Ecoli instead of the tea. This topic was selected because it is significant in medicine, biology, pharmacology, and toxicology (my intended major when I transfer). Learning more about this topic and researching medicinal plants is essential. An example of medicinal plants' effect on the pharmacology and toxicology field is that most medicines come from plants and have a long history of medicinal plants. It is essential to research this area because we need to know what plants have medicinal properties and if they are toxic to be aware of their uses and dangers. (Ahsan) What is currently known about this topic is that Datura has antimicrobial properties and works against Ecoli. It is essential to research this topic further to find the zone of inhibition. (Yang ) The research will be conducted by observing Datura and experimenting with the plant by extracting medicinal components of the plant to find the medicinal value of Datura. I will then determine if this affects the growth of Ecoli by making a tea and testing it out to see if it affects the growth of Ecoli. Variable table Name I/D/C Symbol Units Description Plant tea/extract I I Mg Plant species (Datura) tea/extract Growth or no growth of ecoli D ZOI # Growth or no growth of Ecoli (zone of inhibition) Using Ecoli for both Temperature the same Growth time C ? Using Ecoli for both Apparatus Seen in this picture are the necessary materials, a scale to measure the samples from the plant, beakers for the water, hot plates to heat up the beakers of water, alcohol flame to sterilize the tweezers, lighter to light the alcohol flame, petry dishes to incubate, and small disks to soak in the tea. Research question: What is the relationship, if any, between varying concentrations of Dartura and inhibition of the growth of E.coli? Hypothesis: If we vary the concentration of Dartura extract, then the growth of Ecoli will be inhibited. Procedure Take samples of leaf, stem, and flower Cut them up Dry them out Heat three beakers with 200 ml water each to 80 degrees Celcius Steep 0.6 g Leaf, 0.3 g Flower, and 1.3 g Stem for 5 min in three separate beakers Put the beakers in an ice bath Use a pipet to squeeze two drops of each tea onto separate Petri dishes. Sterilize the tweezers, then use them to get three tiny paper disks out of a small container soak those separately in the three different Petri dishes put those disks in the Ecoli Petri dishes, which I then put in the incubator. Put a positive control and a negative control in the incubator. Put one petri dish with water instead of tea to compare it to another petri dish with a substance known to kill Ecoli instead of the tea. Data The antimicrobial properties were not prevalent except in ampicillin, which was the control, and there was a small zone of inhibition on the stem, leaf, and flower, especially the stem. Something else started growing with the stem tee, especially the stem, leaf, and flower, which had something else growing. Conclusion:Claim: There is no relationship between varying concentrations of Dartura and inhibition of the growth of E.coli Conclusion:evidence: The meaning of the images seen above in Data is that the hypothesis was disproved. Conclusion:reasoning: The reasoning is that the full extraction process was not observed, and therefore, the antimicrobial properties were ineffective. Conclusion: Merit: This is useful and can be used in everyday life to avoid Datura and not try to use it to kill Ecoli. The reason that the results differed from what was researched in the background section is that the full extraction process was not completed. Therefore, the antimicrobial properties were not effective. References Ahsan, Ashraf, et al. "Datura Suaveolens and Verbena Tenuisecta Mediated Silver Nanoparticles, their Photodynamic Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Evaluation." World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol. 36, no. 2, 2020. ProQuest, https://ezproxy.pc.maricopa.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/i-datura-suaveolens-verbena-tenuisecta-mediated/docview/2353365352/se-2, doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-019-2787-6. Arage M, Eguale T, Giday M. Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity and Acute Toxicity of Methanol Extracts of Artemisia absinthium, Datura stramonium, and Solanum anguivi. Infect Drug Resist. 2022 Mar 24;15:1267-1276. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S359280. PMID: 35355620; PMCID: PMC8959718. Awad MA, Hammad SF, El-Mashtoly SF, El-Deeb B, Soliman HSM. Phytochemical and biological assessment of secondary metabolites isolated from a rhizosphere strain, Sphingomonas sanguinis DM of Datura metel. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2024 May 25;24(1):205. doi: 10.1186/s12906-024-04482-6. Erratum in: BMC Complement Med Ther. 2024 Jun 18;24(1):237. doi: 10.1186/s12906-024-04543-w. PMID: 38796482; PMCID: PMC11128111. Benítez, Guillermo, et al. “The genus Datura L. (Solanaceae) in Mexico and Spain – Ethnobotanical perspective at the interface of medical and illicit uses.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 219, 2018, pp. 133–151, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2018.03.007. De-la-Cruz IM, Hallab A, Olivares-Pinto U, Tapia-López R, Velázquez-Márquez S, Piñero D, Oyama K, Usadel B, Núñez-Farfán J. Genomic signatures of the evolution of defense against its natural enemies in the poisonous and medicinal plant Datura stramonium (Solanaceae). Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 13;11(1):882. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-79194-1. PMID: 33441607; PMCID: PMC7806989. Rimashree, Devi, et al. "Antimicrobial Activity of Bacterial Endophytes from Chirata (Swertia Chirata Wall.) and Datura (Datura Stramonium L.)." Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, vol. 31, no. 1, 2021. ProQuest, https://ezproxy.pc.maricopa.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/antimicrobial-activity-bacterial-endophytes/docview/2515483836/se-2, doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-021-00410-9. Soni P, Siddiqui AA, Dwivedi J, Soni V. Pharmacological properties of Datura stramonium L. as a potential medicinal tree: an overview. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2012 Dec;2(12):1002-8. doi: 10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60014-3. PMID: 23593583; PMCID: PMC3621465. Sharma M, Dhaliwal I, Rana K, Delta AK, Kaushik P. Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Toxicology of Datura Species-A Review. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Aug 15;10(8):1291. doi: 10.3390/antiox10081291. PMID: 34439539; PMCID: PMC8389218. Waqar-Ul-Konain M, H Z, Idrees M. Datura innoxia antimicrobial activities against E. coli isolated from infections of type 2 diabetic patients. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2022 Mar;35(2):479-486. PMID: 35642403. Yang Y, Dang Y, Li Q, Lu J, Li X, Wang Y. Complete chloroplast genome sequence of poisonous and medicinal plant Datura stramonium: organizations and implications for genetic engineering. PLoS One. 2014 Nov 3;9(11):e110656. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110656. Erratum in: PLoS One. 2015;10(2):e0118236. Yuanye, Dang [corrected to Dang, Yuanye]; Qing, Li [corrected to Li, Qing]; Jinjian, Lu [corrected to Lu, Jinjian]; Xiwen, Li [corrected to Li, Xiwen]; Yitao, Wang [corrected to Wang, Yitao]. PMID: 25365514; PMCID: PMC4217734.